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There are several commercial and industrial buildings which now surpass 60 stories or more. These buildings all require tall cranes to help move the supplies to the upper floors. There are cranes which have their own vehicle connected or other types that are operated from the rear of trucks. Tower cranes are the biggest types on the market.
Tower cranes are the stand-alone structures which are normally seen on high-rise building projects. Normally, they are part of a major city's downtown skyline. When new construction like for example apartment buildings and skyscrapers and commercial facilities like for instance shopping center are being constructed, chances are a crane will be on site.
Kinds
There are two different types of cranes: boom crane or the jib crane. The jib is a metal frame which extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal as it lifts things. On a luffing kind of tower crane, the jib can ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both types could range from 30,000 lbs. to 10,000 lbs.
Body
The crane's body is composed of a vertical steel mast which is composed of individual sections. The sections are added to increase the overall height of the equipment. The mast extends upward to wherever the desired height is, to the control module, that is a small room that has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also called. The driver of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
The crane uses a braided metal cord to raise supplies. This cord extends out from a motor located next to the control module to the end of the boom or jib. There is a pulley system situated at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib which holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib located on the opposite side of the tower. The counter jib holds weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from toppling over when heavy materials are carried.
The hydraulic truck crane is a particular mobile crane which uses hydraulic power to raise and transport thousands of pounds. Hydraulics makes use of forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the pistons of the boom so as to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are very vital in building major projects like bridges, airports, buildings and streets. A crane can accomplish in minutes tasks which will normally take hundreds of men and many hours to accomplish.
The great equipments are usually utilized in the building of cities, houses, entire nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even Egypt's Great Pyramids were probably built utilizing basic cranes to enable the heaviest materials in one of the most awesome construction projects ever.
The very first cranes were established in 3000 B.C. Egypt during King Ramses'' reign. This lifting device was originally utilized to collect water. The very first official "cranes" appeared in Ancient Greece. These devices were used to build an entire nation during the 5th century B.C.
Originally, cranes were first made out of wood. It wasn't until the designers building dockyards decided they needed something stronger and bigger did these machines develop. Hick & Rothwell developed the first cast iron cranes within Bolton, England, in the year 1834. This machinery can lift up to 2 tons. That same year, wire ropes were added to the crane by Herr Albert Sr. who was an Official of the German Superior Board. The wire rope made the crane more durable and stronger. This addition enabled cranes to have a bigger capacity to lift heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. Germany started to make cast iron cranes 4 years later. The very first cast iron crane built by Germany was built in Neuburg.
