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The ancestor of today's equipment was initially developed in the early 19th century. At this time, battery-powered, small units were invented for the purpose of moving traveler's baggage at the Altoona train station within Pennsylvania. During WWI, various kinds were developed within England particularly for use in the material handling industry. These machines evolved as a solution to the manpower shortage at that time.
The modern equivalents come in a range of configurations and sizes. There are the big truck-mounted forklift models which are also called sod loaders and then the opposite end of the spectrum has small hand truck models. There are also a line of automated versions known as forklift automated guided vehicles that are basically robotic in nature. These units were developed as a way of lowering operational expenses and to improve production.
A regular forklift is able to utilize a wide range of attachments that are capable of being added for a range of specific functions. The motors can be internal combustion or IC units, running on diesel, gasoline or propane, or there are battery operated options which require regular charging. Typical warehouse units would normally be rated to raise between about 1 and 5 tons.
Fuel cost is the other main benefit of electric forklifts. These models have lower cost per hour as opposed to any of the other IC or internal combustion models. Amongst the main disadvantages to using the electric forklifts is their higher initial expense. Brand new electric forklifts can range from 20% to forty percent more compared to IC models that are rated the same.
On the other hand, electric forklifts provide numerous advantages like quiet operation. This is a big plus for indoor applications. Furthermore, no need for fuel storage mean no room needs to be allotted for tanks of dangerous and flammable fuels. As electric forklifts have less moving components compared to IC units, and they are typically utilized within cleaner settings and indoors, they tend to have a longer lifespan overall.
The battery downtime is the biggest downside of an electric forklift. These models run with heavy, big, lead-acid batteries, similar to those found in your car. These batteries are really strong and very large. Normally, batteries offer sufficient power for one regular 8-hour shift, and this translates into 5 or 6 hours of nonstop utilization.