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Tower cranes are able to have a maximum unsupported height of 80m or 265 feet. The maximum lifting capacity of a tower crane is 16,642 kg or thirty nine thousand six hundred ninety lbs. with counter weights of twenty tons. In addition, two limit switches are utilized to be able to ensure the operator does not overload the crane. There is even one more safety feature called a load moment switch to make sure that the driver does not exceed the ton meter load rating. Lastly, the tower crane has a maximum reach of 70 meters or 230 feet.
There is certainly a science involved with erecting a tower crane, especially because of their extreme heights. At first, the stationary structure has to be transported to the construction site by utilizing a big tractor-trailer rig setup. Next, a mobile crane is utilized in order to assemble the machine part of the crane and the jib. Then, these sections are attached to the mast. The mobile crane next adds counterweights. Crawler cranes and forklifts could be a few of the other industrial machinery which is usually used to erect a crane.
Mast extensions are added to the crane when the building is erected. This is how the height of the crane can match the building's height. The crane crew uses what is called a climbing frame or a top climber which fits between the top of the mast and the slewing unit. A weight is hung on the jib by the work crew in order to balance the counterweight. Once complete, the slewing unit could detach from the top of the mast. In the top climber, hydraulic rams are utilized to adjust the slewing unit up an additional twenty feet or 6.1m. Next, the crane driver utilizes the crane to insert and bolt into place one more mast part piece.
A "loaded container" by definition is a container other than in the empty or tare condition, in reference to container handling. Unless otherwise confirmed, containers should be treated as loaded. To be able to maintain safety, when handling or securing containers, environmental conditions like for instance wind should be considered. The term loaded refers to the container's maximum gross weigh rating. So as to make sure that the centre of gravity is kept as central and low as possible, the cargo must be distributed all over the container.
Having an equally distributed cargo it is beneficial to avoid excessive tilting, and lack of vehicle stability, in order to maintain safety. A load which is even helps to prevent unacceptable vehicle axle loading, and unacceptable load concentrations.
With the distribution of load within the container, the eccentricity of the center of gravity differs. It is extremely important that the designers of handling machines and containers take this into consideration in the engineering process. Like for instance, when 60% of the load by mass is distributed in fifty percent of the container length measured from one end of the machinery, the eccentricity corresponds to five percent.
Make certain that the container is free to be handled and care has to be taken to make sure it is safely attached to the container, in order to make sure that the machinery used is right for the cargo. Particular attention has to be paid to the possibility of the container tilting due to the eccentricity of the center of gravity. When lifting any container whose centre of gravity is eccentric or mobile, like for instance a tank container, a bulk container a thermal container with a refrigerating unit or a container with a liquid bulk bag, either integral or clip on, or any container with a hanging cargo, great care must be taken when raising these.